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- KOREAN
Although many mushrooms can be identified correctly by macroscopic observation, many fascinating structures can be discovered by using a microscope to observe detailed structures.
To do research on microscopic structures, take a section of each part of the mushroom, place it on a slide glass, put a cover glass on top, and then observe it with a dissecting or light microscope.
When separating tissues, observe the important characteristics of tissues from several parts such as gills, pileus, and stems.
To observe the pileus, cut the center of the mushroom longitudinally and slice a section off that retains a complete gill.
The observation points are the general structure of trama on the outer surface of the pileus, the shape and color of the cystidium on the outer layer of the gill, and the composition of the trama.
Hyphae are divided into reproductive, skeletal, and binding, based on shape and function.
These hyphae discriminations are regarded as basic microscopic characteristics in the classification and identification of mushrooms.
Depending on the species, the reproductive hyphae will have a clamp, and its presence is considered an important taxonomical trait.
For the gill part, the gill-forming hyphae and hymenium-forming hyphae, the presence of cystidium, basidium and spores can be observed.
Cystidium has various shapes and structures, and brown fungi have a unique cystidium, which are shaped like a wedge, needle, cylinder, or hypha.
Spore color is consistent by species, so this is a good characteristic for identification.
It is impossible to observe each spore with the naked eye, but the color of the spore cluster can be checked by obtaining a spore print.
To do this, put a gill or an entire region of a fruit body on white paper or a slide glass, and then wait for about half a day.
Spores are released when the fruit body becomes dry, and a spore print can be easily obtained from a fresh fruit body.
When observing the spore print by scraping it, the outline of the spore print can be observed at 500 times magnification with a light microscope, and the size is mainly 5-10 microns.
Their patterns vary in each species, and can be round, oval, egg shaped, cylindrical, teardrop shaped, seed shaped, or star shaped.
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